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WHITE'S FORT
The stockade fort existed where an abandoned brick house stands.

http://frenchandindianwarfoundation.org/explore-learn/world-wide-war-map/

This is a long article so scroll down to see story of what happened here.

General location:
Immediately east of the passage around the base of Great North Mountain. South side of Route 50 (known as the Old Road) in Hayfield area.

Specific location:
South side of Route 615 (Mt Olive Road) near intersection of Route 600 (S Hayfield Road) a stockade fort existed where you see the abandoned brick house stands now (10/21/2014)

Some immediately accessible history:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White's_Fort_(Hayfield,_Virginia)


French and Indian War in Frederick County Virginia With the Forts of the French and Indian War On the Northwestern Frontier
by Norman L Baker published 2000 by The Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society, printed in USA by Buckley's Printing 946 Baker Lane Winchester VA

This book hereinafter referred to as "Baker Forts"

Pages 191-193

picture of location of White's Fort in Baker's Forts page 192


JULY 1763
"In July 1763, learning that .... a large band (of Indians) raiding settler on the Great Cacapon River immediately to the west, White rode around the area warning settlers to move to the fort ..."

"Six miles from the fort he enountered Owen Thomas and informed him of the danger. Thomas ...insisted he had to take care of
his crops (probably worrying Indians would burn his crops).

Thomas then rode toward his neighbor, Jacob Keckley, with a proposal that Keckley and his several sons arm themselves and combine their efforts in the grain fields. On the path to
Keckley's, Thomas was shot from ambush and scalped."

Where did White warn Owen Thomas?
About 3.6 miles on present Route 600 (S Haysfield Rd) southwest of White's Fort was Keckley's Run branch of the Hogue Creek at Clowser's Gap ---- this may have been the vicinity of where White would have warned Owen Thomas the younger (Owen Thomas the older died in 1750 bequeathing some of his land to his widow and to Capt Jeremiah Smith) of the Indian Threat, " suggests Baker in Forts, page 192


JUNE 1764
23 settlers again warned by White were on their way to White's Fort were attacked by 10 Delaware Indians. The settlers found refuge in the house of a man named Lloyd. Next morning the settlers were attacked.

All except the son and daughter of the recently late Owen Thomas were either killed, wounded, scalped and left to die, or were captured.

The son ran back to the Lloyd house and hid. He escaped even though the Indians came back to the house with their captives, including his bound mother and sister, and had breakfast before setting the house on fire.

Killed were Lloyd and several of his children, David Jones and Wife, members of the Owen Thomas family, and Henry Clowser and his two sons. Seven wounded from scalping moved to White's Fort died later, except for one woman Esther Lloyd.


Mary Thomas widow of Owen Thomas killed last year, and Mrs Clowser and four of her daughters were among the captives.

The Indians weren't done yet. On their way back west, they brutally killed one of their captives (one of Mrs Clowser's daughter, a 2 year old).

The Indians stopped that night near Forman's Fort on the South Branch. When a Ranger Party was coming back to Forman's Fort they stopped to clear their muskets by firing them. The Indians "rushed across a swollen South Branch with their captives." Mary Thomas escaped at this point to Fort Williams two miles downstream and north of Forman's Fort along the Shawnee Trail (present Highway 28).

The remaining captives?
Mrs Thomas daughter and Mrs Clowser and her 3 remaining daughters would survive captivity and released at conclusion of Pontiac's War.

Were they some of the ones released to Col Bouquet when he marched from Fort Pitt to Coshocton Ohio to bring back the Indian captives?


More about that march and the treaty provisions to bring the white captives of the Indians


Link to article below
http://www.timesreporter.com/article/20141019/NEWS/141019217/10675/NEWS

Elements of historic march remain in Ohio today
By Eric Lagatta
Coshocton Tribune
Posted Oct. 20, 2014 @ 5:00 am


A journey into what is now Coshocton proved to be so historically pivotal that remnants of and testaments to the feat can still be found across the county.


This month marks the 250th anniversary of Col. Henry Bouquet’s march from Fort Pitt to Coshocton with 1,500 militia members and British troops, during which he secured the release of 264 people who were captives of Native Americans without engaging in warfare.


While the mid-1700s are long gone, the excursion remains significant to the county. Art and historical markers still remain as documents of the march, and historians still dedicate time to researching it.


For instance, behind Judge Robert Batchelor’s bench in Coshocton County Common Pleas Court is a 35-foot-long mural depicting the signing of the treaty between Bouquet’s forces and the Native Americans near the Coshocton County Walhonding River. Painted in 1908 by Arthur William Woelfle, an artist who lived in Coshocton for a time, the mural has been touched up and restored twice.


“We were just privileged to have him living and teaching in Coshocton,” said Irene Miller, a former clerk of courts who gave many tours during her tenure. “This is one of the most spectacular paintings you would find in Ohio.”


Recently, the Coshocton Public Library commemorated the expedition with a presentation by Ken Smailes, a local historian who also is the news director at Coshocton’s WTNS. In front of a packed house at the Central Christian Church, Smailes, attired as a 1760s British militiaman, described Bouquet’s background, military experiences and the historical events surrounding the expedition at the time.


Born in 1719 in Switzerland, Bouquet’s military training made him shrewd, logical and disciplined, Smailes said.


In 1764, after a major victory at the Battle of Bushy Run, Bouquet had become the commander of Fort Pitt. But he soon left on Oct. 2 for his 23-day trip that would lead to Coshocton with the objective to “take care of the Indians once and for all,” Smailes said.


His men left with 1,152 pack horses, each carrying 160 pounds of supplies; they also had 400 sheep and as many cattle. When the caravan was traveling, they stretched out for a mile.


He eventually arrived in Coshocton, where Native American leaders of various tribes approached him to pursue a treaty. The terms called for the release of more than 200 captive women and children, along with provisions to get them back to Fort Pitt, and in exchange, Bouquet would not attack them.


But while some of Bouquet’s accomplishments may be impressive, he had a more sinister side that was all too common at the time.


His view of Native Americans as being savages no doubt influenced his decision to prevent the released captives from returning to their Native American families, said Jeremy Turner, a tribal member of Shawnee, Wyandot and Seneca Cayuga, all three federally recognized nations in Oklahoma. Turner also is a historical expert on his ancestry.


Read more: http://www.timesreporter.com/article/20141019/News/141019217#ixzz3GkrhGWtK




The stockade fort existed where an abandoned brick house stands.

http://frenchandindianwarfoundation.org/explore-learn/world-wide-war-map/

This is a long article so scroll down to see story of what happened here.

General location:
Immediately east of the passage around the base of Great North Mountain. South side of Route 50 (known as the Old Road) in Hayfield area.

Specific location:
South side of Route 615 (Mt Olive Road) near intersection of Route 600 (S Hayfield Road) a stockade fort existed where you see the abandoned brick house stands now (10/21/2014)

Some immediately accessible history:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White's_Fort_(Hayfield,_Virginia)


French and Indian War in Frederick County Virginia With the Forts of the French and Indian War On the Northwestern Frontier
by Norman L Baker published 2000 by The Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society, printed in USA by Buckley's Printing 946 Baker Lane Winchester VA

This book hereinafter referred to as "Baker Forts"

Pages 191-193

picture of location of White's Fort in Baker's Forts page 192


JULY 1763
"In July 1763, learning that .... a large band (of Indians) raiding settler on the Great Cacapon River immediately to the west, White rode around the area warning settlers to move to the fort ..."

"Six miles from the fort he enountered Owen Thomas and informed him of the danger. Thomas ...insisted he had to take care of
his crops (probably worrying Indians would burn his crops).

Thomas then rode toward his neighbor, Jacob Keckley, with a proposal that Keckley and his several sons arm themselves and combine their efforts in the grain fields. On the path to
Keckley's, Thomas was shot from ambush and scalped."

Where did White warn Owen Thomas?
About 3.6 miles on present Route 600 (S Haysfield Rd) southwest of White's Fort was Keckley's Run branch of the Hogue Creek at Clowser's Gap ---- this may have been the vicinity of where White would have warned Owen Thomas the younger (Owen Thomas the older died in 1750 bequeathing some of his land to his widow and to Capt Jeremiah Smith) of the Indian Threat, " suggests Baker in Forts, page 192


JUNE 1764
23 settlers again warned by White were on their way to White's Fort were attacked by 10 Delaware Indians. The settlers found refuge in the house of a man named Lloyd. Next morning the settlers were attacked.

All except the son and daughter of the recently late Owen Thomas were either killed, wounded, scalped and left to die, or were captured.

The son ran back to the Lloyd house and hid. He escaped even though the Indians came back to the house with their captives, including his bound mother and sister, and had breakfast before setting the house on fire.

Killed were Lloyd and several of his children, David Jones and Wife, members of the Owen Thomas family, and Henry Clowser and his two sons. Seven wounded from scalping moved to White's Fort died later, except for one woman Esther Lloyd.


Mary Thomas widow of Owen Thomas killed last year, and Mrs Clowser and four of her daughters were among the captives.

The Indians weren't done yet. On their way back west, they brutally killed one of their captives (one of Mrs Clowser's daughter, a 2 year old).

The Indians stopped that night near Forman's Fort on the South Branch. When a Ranger Party was coming back to Forman's Fort they stopped to clear their muskets by firing them. The Indians "rushed across a swollen South Branch with their captives." Mary Thomas escaped at this point to Fort Williams two miles downstream and north of Forman's Fort along the Shawnee Trail (present Highway 28).

The remaining captives?
Mrs Thomas daughter and Mrs Clowser and her 3 remaining daughters would survive captivity and released at conclusion of Pontiac's War.

Were they some of the ones released to Col Bouquet when he marched from Fort Pitt to Coshocton Ohio to bring back the Indian captives?


More about that march and the treaty provisions to bring the white captives of the Indians


Link to article below
http://www.timesreporter.com/article/20141019/NEWS/141019217/10675/NEWS

Elements of historic march remain in Ohio today
By Eric Lagatta
Coshocton Tribune
Posted Oct. 20, 2014 @ 5:00 am


A journey into what is now Coshocton proved to be so historically pivotal that remnants of and testaments to the feat can still be found across the county.


This month marks the 250th anniversary of Col. Henry Bouquet’s march from Fort Pitt to Coshocton with 1,500 militia members and British troops, during which he secured the release of 264 people who were captives of Native Americans without engaging in warfare.


While the mid-1700s are long gone, the excursion remains significant to the county. Art and historical markers still remain as documents of the march, and historians still dedicate time to researching it.


For instance, behind Judge Robert Batchelor’s bench in Coshocton County Common Pleas Court is a 35-foot-long mural depicting the signing of the treaty between Bouquet’s forces and the Native Americans near the Coshocton County Walhonding River. Painted in 1908 by Arthur William Woelfle, an artist who lived in Coshocton for a time, the mural has been touched up and restored twice.


“We were just privileged to have him living and teaching in Coshocton,” said Irene Miller, a former clerk of courts who gave many tours during her tenure. “This is one of the most spectacular paintings you would find in Ohio.”


Recently, the Coshocton Public Library commemorated the expedition with a presentation by Ken Smailes, a local historian who also is the news director at Coshocton’s WTNS. In front of a packed house at the Central Christian Church, Smailes, attired as a 1760s British militiaman, described Bouquet’s background, military experiences and the historical events surrounding the expedition at the time.


Born in 1719 in Switzerland, Bouquet’s military training made him shrewd, logical and disciplined, Smailes said.


In 1764, after a major victory at the Battle of Bushy Run, Bouquet had become the commander of Fort Pitt. But he soon left on Oct. 2 for his 23-day trip that would lead to Coshocton with the objective to “take care of the Indians once and for all,” Smailes said.


His men left with 1,152 pack horses, each carrying 160 pounds of supplies; they also had 400 sheep and as many cattle. When the caravan was traveling, they stretched out for a mile.


He eventually arrived in Coshocton, where Native American leaders of various tribes approached him to pursue a treaty. The terms called for the release of more than 200 captive women and children, along with provisions to get them back to Fort Pitt, and in exchange, Bouquet would not attack them.


But while some of Bouquet’s accomplishments may be impressive, he had a more sinister side that was all too common at the time.


His view of Native Americans as being savages no doubt influenced his decision to prevent the released captives from returning to their Native American families, said Jeremy Turner, a tribal member of Shawnee, Wyandot and Seneca Cayuga, all three federally recognized nations in Oklahoma. Turner also is a historical expert on his ancestry.


Read more: http://www.timesreporter.com/article/20141019/News/141019217#ixzz3GkrhGWtK




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Published on May 6, 2016
100 W Piccadilly St, Winchester, VA, United States
Hayfield, VA, United States
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